Farmer holding his lower back

The shamba

Bend, pull, lift, bend again.

Bend, pull, lift, bend again. By tea time your lower back has done a full day's work.

The people in these stories are illustrations, not real clients.

The moment

Bend, pull, lift, bend again. By tea time your lower back has done a full day of work and it is not yet lunch. You straighten up slowly, one hand on the small of your back, and carry on, because the work will not do itself.

What is usually going on

Lower back pain

Most lower back pain comes from the muscles, ligaments and joints of the back being asked to do more than they were ready for. Repeated bending and lifting, a sudden awkward movement, long hours of sitting and weak support muscles are common reasons. The spine is built of bones separated by discs, held by strong muscles. When those muscles tire, the load shifts to the joints and discs, and the area becomes sore and guarded. Staying in bed for days usually makes it worse. Staying gently active usually helps.

Illustration of a lumbar disc pressing on a nerve in the lower back
The lower back. Illustration. Not a diagnosis.

Sciatica

Sometimes the pain does not stay in the back. The sciatic nerve begins in the lower back, passes through the buttock and runs down the back of the leg to the foot. When a disc or a tight structure presses on one of the nerve roots, you can feel pain, burning, tingling or numbness along that path, often on one side only. Sitting, coughing or bending forward can make it worse. Many people improve with the right movement and guidance, and a physiotherapist can work out which movements calm the nerve and which irritate it.

Illustration of the sciatic nerve running from the lower back down the back of the leg
The sciatic nerve. Illustration. Not a diagnosis.

What we do about it

First, a proper assessment: where it hurts, what you do all day, how your back and hips move, and whether the nerve is involved. Then gentle hands-on treatment to ease the muscles and joints, and a plan of movements that you can do at home or in the field. We teach you how to lift and carry in a way that spares your back. We tell you honestly what to expect and when to come back. We do not promise a quick fix.

One thing to try today

The glute bridge

  1. Lie on your back with your knees bent and feet flat.
  2. Press your feet down and lift your hips until your body makes a straight line from shoulders to knees.
  3. Hold for two breaths and lower slowly.
  4. Do eight.

Stop if the pain gets worse or travels down your leg.

Line drawing of a glute bridge

This page is for general information and is not a substitute for personal medical advice.

Last reviewed: 2026-11-04. Written by the physiotherapy team at Aging Gracefully.

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